How to Prevent & Treat Ingrown Toenails

Ingrown toenails are a common and painful foot condition that can lead to infection if not treated properly. Understanding the causes, treatments, and prevention methods can help keep your feet healthy and free from discomfort. This guide provides expert insights on managing and avoiding ingrown toenails effectively.

What Causes Ingrown Toenails?

Ingrown toenails occur when the edges of the toenail grow into the surrounding skin, leading to pain, redness, and swelling. Common causes include:

Improper Nail Trimming: Cutting toenails too short or rounding the edges can cause them to grow into the skin.
Tight Footwear: Shoes that squeeze the toes can put pressure on the nails, increasing the risk of ingrowth.
Injury or Trauma: Stubbing your toe, dropping something heavy on it, or repeated pressure from activities like running can lead to ingrown toenails.
Genetics: Some people inherit naturally curved or thick nails, making them more prone to ingrowth.
Poor Foot Hygiene: Not keeping feet clean and dry can increase the risk of infections that worsen ingrown toenails.

Do Home Remedies Work?

Many people try home remedies before seeking medical treatment. While some methods provide relief, they may not work for severe cases.

Effective Home Remedies:

Warm Soaks: Soaking feet in warm, soapy water for 15–20 minutes can soften the skin and reduce inflammation.
Lifting the Nail: Placing a small piece of cotton or dental floss under the ingrown edge can encourage the nail to grow properly.
Antiseptic Ointments: Applying an antibacterial cream can prevent infection.
Loose Footwear: Wearing open-toed or wide-toe box shoes reduces pressure on the nail.

When Home Remedies May Not Work:

If the nail is deeply embedded in the skin.
If there are signs of infection, such as pus or excessive swelling.
If pain persists despite at-home treatments.

When to See a Doctor

Not all ingrown toenails require medical intervention, but some cases do. See a doctor if:

The toenail is severely painful or infected.
The condition keeps recurring.
You have diabetes or poor circulation, which increases the risk of complications.
The area is red, swollen, and leaking pus.

A doctor may recommend lifting the nail, partial nail removal, or even permanent removal of part of the nail matrix to prevent future ingrowths.

Proper Nail Trimming to Prevent Ingrown Toenails

Correct trimming techniques can significantly reduce the likelihood of ingrown toenails.

Best Practices for Trimming Toenails:

Trim Straight Across: Avoid rounding the edges, as this encourages the nail to grow into the skin.
Use Clean, Sharp Nail Clippers: Dirty tools can introduce bacteria, leading to infections.
Don’t Cut Too Short: Leave a small margin beyond the nail bed to prevent excessive skin pressure.
File Rough Edges: If the corners feel sharp, smooth them gently with a nail file.

Common Myths About Ingrown Toenails

Misinformation about ingrown toenails can lead to improper treatment. Here are some common myths debunked:

Myth 1: Cutting a V-shape in the Nail Fixes Ingrown Toenails

Reality: This does not change the way the nail grows and does not prevent ingrowth.

Myth 2: Ingrown Toenails Will Fix Themselves

Reality: While mild cases may resolve with proper care, moderate to severe cases need active intervention.

Myth 3: Only People with Poor Hygiene Get Ingrown Toenails

Reality: While poor hygiene can worsen the condition, tight shoes, trauma, and genetics are common causes.

Post-Surgery Care

If an ingrown toenail requires surgical removal, proper aftercare ensures smooth healing and prevents complications.

Steps for Post-Surgery Care:

Keep the Wound Clean: Wash the area gently with mild soap and water.
Apply Antibiotic Ointment: Helps prevent infection and speeds up healing.
Change Bandages Regularly: Keep the area covered and replace dressings as directed.
Avoid Pressure on the Toe: Wear open-toed shoes or loose-fitting footwear.
Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions: Take prescribed medications and attend follow-up appointments as needed.

Conclusion

Ingrown toenails can be painful and frustrating, but with the right prevention and treatment, they are manageable. Proper nail care, comfortable footwear, and prompt attention to symptoms can reduce the risk of complications. If you experience persistent pain, infection, or recurring ingrown toenails, seek professional medical advice for long-term relief.

For more in-depth articles on ingrown toenails, explore our Ingrown Toenail category and stay informed about foot health.